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Monty Python's Flying Circus, also known as simply Monty Python, is a British surreal sketch comedy series created by and starring the comedy group Monty Python, consisting of Graham Chapman, John Cleese, Terry Gilliam, Eric Idle, Terry Jones, and Michael Palin. It ran for four series from 1969 to 1974 on BBC Television. Forty-five episodes were made over four series. The Python phenomenon developed from the television series into something larger in scope and influence, including touring stage shows, films, albums, books, and musicals. The Pythons' influence on comedy has been compared to the Beatles' influence on music. “Pythonesque” has entered the English lexicon as a result.

The members of Monty Python were already experienced writers and performers when they came together to create Flying Circus. Cleese and Chapman had worked together on The Frost Report and At Last the 1948 Show, while Jones, Idle, and Palin were part of the writing team for Do Not Adjust Your Set. Gilliam, the only American in the group, was brought on board for his animation work, which had previously been featured on Do Not Adjust Your Set. The show's unique style was characterized by its absurdist humor, surreal visuals, and disregard for conventional comedic structure. Sketches would often transition into something completely unrelated, or end abruptly, leaving the audience to wonder what they had just witnessed. This unconventional approach to comedy was groundbreaking at the time and helped to pave the way for future generations of comedians.

The show's humor was also notable for its intellectualism. The Pythons were all well-educated and their sketches often made references to literature, philosophy, and history. This blend of high and low culture was part of what made the show so unique and appealing to a wide audience. The show frequently satirized British life, institutions, and current events. Targets of their humor included the police, the military, politicians, and the upper class. Sketches often took aim at the absurdity of everyday life, poking fun at social conventions and highlighting the ridiculousness of human behavior.

Monty Python's Flying Circus was a critical and commercial success, and it remains one of the most influential comedy shows of all time. The show was nominated for a total of eleven BAFTA Awards, winning two. In 1975, the Pythons won the Golden Rose of Montreux at the Rose d'Or Light Entertainment Festival in Switzerland. The show's popularity was not limited to the UK, as it gained a large following in the United States and other countries. The show's success can be attributed to its talented cast, its unique brand of humor, and its ability to push the boundaries of what was considered acceptable on television. Monty Python's Flying Circus has left an indelible mark on comedy, and its influence can still be seen today in the work of countless comedians and comedy shows.

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